Why should I repair an antique clock if the repair exceeds its value?

An often-asked question is why should I repair an antique clock if the repair exceeds its value.

The decision to repair an antique clock if the repair exceeds its value ultimately depends on your personal attachment to the clock and its historical significance.

Let’s talk about sentimental value

If the clock has been in your family for generations or has sentimental value to you, repairing it may be worth the cost, even if it exceeds the clock’s current market value. Repairs might include restoration or significant repairs to the case but a working clock that presents well is the main objective. Having a ticking clock can add a touch of elegance and charm to a room, as well as provide a sense of history and provide an important connection to the past.

_{A clock with a homemade plywood case was worth the repair because of its family heritage}

A clock that is rare is worth the repair if…

If the clock is rare or has historical significance, it may be worth repairing regardless of the cost. Some antique clocks may have been made by renowned clockmakers or may be associated with important historical events or figures, making them highly valuable.

Valuable antique clocks must be carefully repaired because they often have unique and irreplaceable pieces that require specialized knowledge and expertise to repair. Any repairs must be done in a way that preserves their originality and authenticity.

To repair certain clocks, it may be necessary to use rare and difficult-to-find components or even handmade parts. This highlights the importance of collaborating with a skilled and knowledgeable clock repair specialist who has access to these parts or can create them. Even a small error in repair can result in significant damage to the clock’s mechanism and timing, leading to a reduction in value.

Improper repairs can significantly reduce the clock’s value and historical significance. Valuable antique clocks can be fragile and delicate, with intricate mechanisms and delicate parts that require careful handling during the repair. Any damage to these parts can irreversibly damage the clock, leading to a loss in value.

Working with a qualified and experienced clock repair professional is essential to ensure that the clock is repaired correctly and maintains its value.

_{This Kienzle World Time clock has maintained its value}

A clock as an investment

If you believe that the clock’s value may appreciate over time, repairing it may be a wise investment.

Clock collecting for investment purposes is a complex and potentially risky endeavor that requires a significant amount of knowledge, research, and expertise. While some antique clocks may appreciate in value over time, the market for antique clocks can be unpredictable, and there is no guarantee that a clock will increase in value.

Additionally, the cost of purchasing and maintaining a collection of antique clocks can be significant, and the potential return on investment may not justify the expense. Clock collecting for investment purposes should be approached with caution and with a thorough understanding of the market and the value of individual pieces.

Appreciate an antique clock for what it is

Antique clocks are often rare and unique, making them a great conversation starter. Guests may be intrigued by the clock’s history and design, leading to interesting conversations and the opportunity to share knowledge and stories.

On the other hand, if the clock has little sentimental or historical value and is unlikely to appreciate in value, it may not be worth repairing if the cost exceeds its current value. Ultimately, the decision to repair an antique clock should be based on a careful evaluation of its worth and your personal attachment to it.

Junghans Corner feet finished — _{A common bracket clock made by Junghans}

Antique clocks have a sense of history and nostalgia that can be comforting and grounding. They remind us of the past and the craftsmanship that went into making these timepieces before the era of digital clocks and watches.

While antique clocks may not be as accurate as modern timepieces, they can still keep time and serve a practical purpose in a room.

April 25, 2023

The Pequegnat story & the Maple Leaf series of kitchen clocks

The Pequegnat name may not be familiar to international readers but it was a significant Canadian clock company that manufactured both movements and cases beginning in the early 20th century.

The Pequegnat Clock Company was a Canadian clock manufacturer that operated from 1904 to 1941. The company was founded by Arthur Pequegnat a Canadian immigrant who brought his family from Switzerland to begin a new life in Canada.

Pequegnat was a skilled clockmaker and entrepreneur, and he saw an opportunity to start his own clock company in Kitchener (then Berlin), Ontario. But the story actually begins prior to 1904.

In 1897 Arthur expanded his Berlin Jewelry shop to include the manufacture of bicycles. However, by 1904, with the decrease in the demand for bicycles, Arthur began to re-focus on the clock industry by manufacturing his own clock movements at his Berlin Bicycle Manufacturing plant and the motto, “Buy Canadian – Pequegnat clocks are better than foreign-made ones”” struck a chord with Canadian buyers.

At first, the wooden clock cases were made by local furniture makers, however, in time, he manufactured his own clock cases.

Pequegnat Clock Company produced high-quality clocks, and its products quickly gained a reputation for their accuracy and reliability. The company produced a wide variety of clocks, including wall clocks, mantle clocks, and grandfather clocks.

Clock face Arthur Pequegnat Canadian Time clock — _{Clock face with maker’s name}

During the early years, the company faced a lot of competition from American clock companies, but Pequegnat was able to differentiate his products by designing and manufacturing unique clock cases that appealed to Canadian tastes.

The company continued to grow, and by the 1920s, it had become one of the largest clock manufacturers in Canada.

The Great Depression hit the Pequegnat Clock Company hard, and the company struggled to stay afloat during the 1930s. In 1941, with brass in short supply as a result of the war effort the company was forced to close due to financial difficulties, and its assets were liquidated.

Despite its relatively short lifespan, the Pequegnat Clock Company played an important role in the history of Canadian clock manufacturing. The company’s clocks are still highly sought after by collectors, and its products are considered some of the finest examples of Canadian clockmaking.

The Maple Leaf – a symbol of pride

The maple leaf slowly caught on as a national symbol in 1868 (the year after Canada’s Confederation) as it was included in the coat of arms of Ontario and the coat of arms of Quebec and added to the Canadian coat of arms in 1921. The maple leaf is a symbol of our national identity.

_{Arthur Pequegnat Maple Leaf kitchen clock; the “fan top”}

Canadian readers and perhaps those abroad with a connection to Canada would instantly recognize the maple leaf as distinctly Canadian.

Cashing in on Canada’s identity as a nation, Pequegnat saw the value in naming clocks after Canadian cities, cities such as Stratford, London, Toronto, Moncton, Montreal, and so on. Indeed, most homes and businesses in Canada had a Pequegnat clock.

_{Arthur Pequegnat Maple Leaf kitchen clock; the “round top”}

Berlin, Ontario was re-named Kitchener Ontario in 1916, due to anti-German backlash during WW I. This becomes a useful tool when dating Pequegnat clocks as labels, movements, or dials marked “Berlin” date the clock to 1916 or earlier, and those marked “Kitchener” are 1916 or later. However, many clocks had a long production life and it is difficult to date any Arthur Pequegnat clock precisely as there were no production numbers on the movements.

Pequegnat’s interpretation of the kitchen clock

The Maple Leaf series was Pequegnat’s interpretation of the popular American kitchen clock.

_{Arthur Pequegnat Maple Leaf kitchen clock; the “curly top”}

The Maple Leaf Series was a line of clocks produced by the Pequegnat Clock Company of Canada in the early 20th century. The series was named after the maple leaf, a powerful symbol of Canada.

The Maple Leaf Series was first introduced in 1911, and it quickly became one of the company’s most popular product lines. The series included several different models. The clocks were made with high-quality materials and brass movements.

There are 2 notable features of the Maple Leaf Series. One was the clock tablet, which featured a stylized array of 36 maple leaves framed by half moons and with an opening to display the pendulum bob. Why the number 36? In some cultures, it is considered a lucky number.

The second feature was a brass maple leaf pendulum bob.

The clocks in the Maple Leaf series did not have specific names and are referred to by collectors as the pointed top, the round top, the fan top, the curly top, and so on.

_{The Maple Leaf series of Pequegnat kitchen clocks (photo courtesy of The Canadian Clock Museum)}

The clock depicted above may or may not belong to the Maple Leaf series but the maple leaves within the tablet design are considerably more stylized, and the edging is understated. Like the Canuck pictured below, this design could be a variant.

Arthur Pequegnat Maple Leaf Pointed Top — _{Arthur Pequegnat Maple Leaf kitchen clock; the “pointed top”}

The dials were typically paper on tin and some had a gold center accent.

Many would not consider the Canuck to be a “Maple Leaf” kitchen clock though some variants had a maple leaf tablet. The Canuck also stood out from other kitchen clocks due to its use of steamed pressed oak in its construction.

The Maple Leaf Series was a significant part of the Pequegnat Clock Company’s success, and the clocks from this series are still highly prized by collectors today.

Overall, the Maple Leaf Series represented a major contribution to the Pequegnat Clock Company’s prosperity, and its models remain a sought-after collectible for clock enthusiasts.

April 21, 2023

Navigating the Perils of Antique Clock Repair on YouTube: Why Caution is Key

Antique clocks are a fascinating and cherished part of our cultural heritage, valued both for their historical significance and their intricate mechanical workings.

However, the maintenance and repair of these clocks can be a daunting task, requiring a great deal of knowledge and expertise to ensure their preservation.

YouTube has become a popular platform for sharing information on antique clock repair, but this can often be a perilous journey, fraught with misinformation and potential hazards.

Read on and discover why the journey can be fraught with perils.

A wealth of content and not all of it is good

One of the main challenges of researching antique clock repair on YouTube is the sheer volume of content available. While there are certainly many skilled and knowledgeable individuals sharing their expertise on the platform, there are also countless amateurs and hobbyists who may not have the necessary qualifications or experience to provide accurate or reliable advice.

This can make it difficult for novice clock enthusiasts to distinguish between reliable sources and those that may be less trustworthy.

Lack of oversight

Unlike traditional academic or professional settings, YouTube does not have any formal accreditation or certification processes to ensure the qualifications and expertise of those providing advice.

This can lead to a situation where individuals with limited knowledge or experience are able to present themselves as experts, potentially leading to poor repair outcomes or even irreversible damage to valuable antique clocks.

The quick fix

Many YouTube videos on antique clock repair focus on quick fixes and shortcuts rather than proper, long-term maintenance and repair. While these videos may be popular and offer a quick and easy solution to a problem, they can often do more harm than good in the long run.

An example is immersing an entire movement in a solution, a process often called “Duncan Swish” within clock repair circles. Although immersing an unassembled movement in a cleaning solution may provide prompt results and is a quick and easy solution, it is not a substitute for meticulous disassembly and repair. Quick-fix solutions like this can actually worsen the wear on a clock movement, rather than resolving the underlying issues.

Improper repairs or maintenance can cause irreversible damage to delicate clock mechanisms, potentially decreasing the value of the clock or even rendering it unusable.

_{An unusual click spring repair was done by a past repairer}

Lack of background information or context

Another challenge with researching antique clock repair on YouTube is the lack of context or background information provided in many videos. Without a comprehensive understanding of the history and mechanics of a particular clock, it can be difficult to diagnose and address issues properly.

Some videos may not provide adequate instructions or guidance, leading to confusion or even dangerous situations if attempted by an untrained individual.

important steps are missing

Steps are missing because the person making the video may not have the necessary knowledge or expertise to perform a complete repair. They may be an amateur or hobbyist who is sharing their experience and techniques, but they may not have the same level of training and experience as a professional clockmaker.

Steps are missing because the video is intended to be a quick tutorial or overview, rather than a comprehensive guide to clock repair. In order to keep the video short and engaging, the person making the video may choose to skip over certain steps or focus only on the most critical parts of the repair.

The person making the video assumes that the viewer already has a certain level of knowledge or expertise. They may assume that the viewer has a basic understanding of clock mechanics or has performed similar repairs in the past.

The video author also intentionally withholds certain steps or information in order to encourage viewers to seek out their professional services. They may provide a basic overview of the repair process but withhold more detailed or advanced information, in order to entice viewers to pay for their expertise.

Regardless of the reasons, it is important for viewers to approach these tutorials with caution and skepticism. Expanding one’s knowledge is crucial for making informed decisions when consulting multiple sources and determining the accuracy of clock repairs and this can only be accomplished through continuous learning and growth.

Youtube can have value to an enthusiast

Antique clock repair is a highly specialized field that requires a great deal of knowledge, skill, and experience. While YouTube can certainly be a valuable resource for those seeking to learn more about clock repair, it is important to recognize its limitations and potential hazards.

As your knowledge of clock repair expands, you will develop the ability to distinguish between those who provide constructive guidance and those who do not.

There are several youtube sources that I consider to be of value but I will not reveal them here because it is important for each clock repairer to assess and determine their own go-to sources for information and guidance. It’s important to critically evaluate and verify the information presented in any online source before applying it to your own clock repair work.

Finally

While YouTube can be a useful tool for those interested in antique clock repair, it is important to approach this journey with caution and skepticism.

With so much content available and a lack of oversight and regulation on the platform, it can be difficult to distinguish between reliable and unreliable sources of information. Many videos may focus on quick fixes or shortcuts rather than proper maintenance and repair, potentially leading to irreversible damage to valuable antique clocks.

When watching clock repair videos on YouTube, it is important to approach them with a critical eye and evaluate whether the procedures being shown are safe, and performed correctly and whether the repair will ultimately increase or decrease the value of your antique or vintage clock.

In my view, it is not a useful exercise to comment on a clock repair video that shows incorrect methods or practices as there are plenty of others who will take great joy in criticizing. Rather, it is more advantageous and less frustrating to find alternative sources that can provide valuable suggestions and guidance for clock repair.

Keep searching, those sites are out there, and once found you will be rewarded.

April 18, 2023

Photography and Clock Repair: Choosing the Right Camera and Lens

Photography can be a useful tool in almost any hobby, including clock repair. While written instructions can be helpful, a well-crafted video or series of detailed still images can be even more effective. As the saying goes, “A picture is worth a thousand words.”

In this article, we will explore the benefits of using any type of camera to record the process of repairing a clock. However, we will also discover that there is a specific type of camera and lens that offers the best results for this purpose.

Not all cameras are created equal. While cell phones can take decent pictures, they have limitations when it comes to isolating foreground from background and producing high-quality macro images. Nevertheless, if a dedicated camera is unavailable, using a cell phone camera is still better than having no documentation at all when it comes to clock repairs.

My preferred setup

The author has used several cameras for clock repair photography but their go-to camera is a digital interchangeable single-lens reflex camera, the Olympus E-330, which was made in 2006. Despite its age, the camera has more than enough megapixels (7.5mp) and is fully capable of producing superior results. The photos can be resized to a smaller dimension for publication on a blog, without a significant loss of quality.

To avoid any shaky images while capturing photos with a low shutter speed, I utilize a sturdy and high-quality Manfrotto tripod with a ball head. Using a tripod is crucial when taking photos with a low shutter speed because it helps to stabilize the camera and prevent any unwanted camera shake or blur, resulting in sharper and more professional-looking images.

E330 with Olympus flash — _{Olympus E330 with 50mm macro lens}

Paired with an Olympus 50mm F2 macro lens, the Olympus SLR is excellent for taking close-up shots and producing a pleasing soft out-of-focus background blur or bokeh.

All closeup photographs on this page were taken with the Olympus 50mm f2 macro lens.

A dedicated macro lens is important for close-up photography because it allows for a high degree of magnification with minimal distortion and high image quality but most importantly it isolates the subject.

Macro lenses are specifically designed to produce sharp images at close range, with a flat field of focus and minimal aberrations. They also typically have a wider maximum aperture, which allows for better control over the depth of field.

Using a non-macro lens for close-up photography can result in image distortion, reduced sharpness, and difficulty in achieving accurate focus.

_{Balance wheel hairspring showing a slight kink}

A capable and versatile camera is also essential for macro photography. One of the E-330’s best features is its ability to switch from automatic to manual focus mode and lock onto an extremely close subject through a 10X magnification box, making it ideal for clock repair photography.

The author takes dozens of photos from every conceivable angle during a repair job and catalogs them for future reference.

_{New main wheel bushing for a banjo clock}

Can I use my cell phone?

Yes, it is possible but with an understanding of its limitations!

Many modern cell phones have a built-in macro feature that allows you to take close-up photos of small objects. However, the quality of the macro feature can vary greatly between different phones and models. In general, the camera features of a cell phone improve with a higher price point.

Some phones have dedicated macro lenses or sensors that allow for better magnification and clarity, while others may rely on software, often called digital zoom, to enhance close-up shots. Phones with higher-end cameras and more advanced features tend to have better macro capabilities.

That being said, even with a macro feature, even the best cell phones can still have limitations when it comes to close-up photography. They may struggle with focusing on small subjects, produce lower-quality images with more noise or distortion, or have a limited depth of field.

A dedicated camera with a good macro lens that can be focused manually is still the preferred choice for serious close-up photography.

Finally

Based on my personal experience, I would recommend using a dedicated camera with a high-quality macro lens for achieving the best possible results when documenting clock repairs.

Having a good camera with a dedicated macro lens can greatly enhance the clock repair process. It doesn’t have to be the latest and greatest or the most expensive, but it should be decent enough to produce high-quality results.

I believe that a camera is one of the most indispensable tools for repairing clocks. There have been several instances where I had to consult a photograph to ensure the precise placement of a clock component on a movement being repaired, which has saved me hours of frustration and prevented any potential mistakes.

Overall, the utilization of photography as a tool in clock repair enables repairers to document their work and have a visual reference to ensure accuracy and consistency in their repairs, ultimately resulting in successful and lasting repairs.

April 14, 2023

Junghans Mantel Clock: Initial Impressions Sight unseen

As a manufacturer today Junghans is not the same company that made mechanical clocks many years ago. In response to the demands and advancements in technology in today’s world, the company has undergone a transformation in its products. In recent years, the company has established itself as a prominent manufacturer of high-quality wristwatches.

_{B13 stamped on the movement plate indicates that it was made in the last half of 1913}

With a rich heritage in mechanical clockmaking, the company had established itself as a prolific producer of wall, mantel, and tall case clocks. Collectors and enthusiasts highly value the company’s clocks for their superior quality, craftsmanship, and classic designs that have withstood the test of time.

While I am not specifically searching for Junghans clocks, I have two other Junghans clocks in my collection. One is a bracket clock from 1911, and the other is an older wall clock from the turn of the 20th century.

As of this writing, my most recent acquisition is not yet part of my Junghans clock collection but here is what I know so far.

Based on the pictures obtained from the recent online auction where it was purchased, this unremarkable roundtop time and strike clock from 1913 seems to be in fair condition.

The 1915 Junghans catalog identifies the clock as the Hunsruck, named after a mountain range in Germany, and provides its specifications as 28.5 cm in height with a mahogany or oak case construction, a 14-day run time, and a silvered dial.

It is unclear from the auction photos whether the clock is made of mahogany or not, but judging from the photos its reddish tone suggests it is mahogany. Occasionally, the feet may be replaced with a different type but it is highly probable that they are the original brass ball feet.

One notable feature is the faceted glass port below the clock face, which allows the pendulum bob to be seen in motion.

_{The photo above shows an example of what would have been the original pendulum with a weight of 150g or 5.2 oz.}

The current pendulum is a replacement for the original unit, which was likely lost or misplaced. However, it is not a suitable match as it lacks the necessary weight and aesthetic appeal of the original brass pendulum.

The clock’s movement, which rests on a movement support piece, is a timeless time-and-strike design that was a hallmark feature of numerous Junghans mantel clocks during that era. The Junghans trademark is boldly showcased on the gong block.

When the clock was won at auction the delivery was arranged and I should have it in the next few days. The price? 55CDN plus buyers’ premium, taxes, and shipping.

It is assumed that the clock is operational, but its actual condition cannot be determined until it arrives.

April 11, 2023

Can I repair my antique clock with common household tools?

_While it is possible to repair an antique clock with common tools, there are limitations to what can be achieved. That’s the short answer. Let’s explore this a little further.

Repairing an antique clock with common household tools is possible, but it can be challenging, and it depends on the extent of the repairs needed and your knowledge of the internal mechanisms and workings of the clock.

Screw drivers, clock tools — _Screwdrivers

If the repair needed is simple, such as adjusting the time or fixing a loose screw, household tools may be sufficient. However, more complex repairs such as replacing broken parts or restoring the clock’s intricate mechanisms may require specialized tools and expertise that may not be readily available in a typical household toolbox.

The simple task of cleaning a movement can be accomplished with tools such as a screwdriver and wrench in addition to other common household items. The springs on an open mainspring movement, for example, can be contained with heavy household wire or a worm gear hose clamp.

Cleaning brass movement plates can be achieved using common household soap, while toothpicks are a useful tool for cleaning out bushing holes. Fine steel wool is also appropriate for cleaning steel arbors and brass wheels.

A collection of clock movements in need of repair — _{clock movements in need of repair}

Antique clocks are often delicate and require careful handling, so it’s important to exercise caution and work slowly and methodically when attempting any repairs.

_{The wheels of a typical American time and strike movement}

If you’re unsure about your ability to repair the clock yourself, it may be best to seek the help of a professional clock repair person who has experience with antique clocks.

When financial resources are scarce and it is challenging to find an expert in clock repair, one must embark on a journey of self-discovery which includes learning and mastering the skills necessary to repair clocks oneself, thereby gaining valuable knowledge and self-reliance.

The mission of this antique and vintage clock blog is to help people feel confident in making basic repairs to their antique clocks when they stop functioning by identifying the problem, learning about the different types of clock movements, understanding the workings of the movement type, gathering the right tools, taking your time and exercising patience while attending to detail, practicing basic repairs through repetition and knowing when to seek expert help.

April 7, 2023

Tick Talk Tuesday #46 – I’m looking at a grandfather clock

Tick-Talk Tuesday is dedicated to addressing readers’ letters and comments related to clock issues, challenges, and recommendations for specific clocks. In cases where the comments and questions are particularly challenging, I seek advice from my fellow clock enthusiasts to provide the most accurate and helpful response.

It is important to respond to emails from interested visitors, as it not only cultivates a sense of community and engagement with my audience but also facilitates the establishment of relationships with individuals who share similar interests.

_{JB did not provide a photo but here is a Ridgeway clock from the 1990s}

JB writes:

Just wanted to contact you for your professional opinion on a Grandfather clock I’ve been lucky enough to find for sale for $1500.00, it’s in near mint condition and works, it’s my understanding that the first 2 digits of the serial number is the year made if that’s true then it was made in 1986 listed is the information I have on the clock:

Ridgeway A.L. Latham Grandfather Clock

Dial Pg

Finish OKM3 U5

Setups 080586

Model 273

Registered Serial # 86036698

I have always want one and love to listen to them tic and chimes so based on what I’ve mention can you please tell me anything about this clock and if that is a good purchase value?

Thanks very much for any information you can share on this!

My response:

Hi and thanks for your email. The 1980s is correct judging from the last two digits. I would exercise a little caution on the price. If it was a particularly high end clock at the time it might be well worth the asking price but grandfather clocks of that period, the 1980s, have trouble fetching $500 to $1000 in today’s market.

The movements in these clocks do not last forever and if it has never been serviced it may already be very worn. Servicing, which involves taking the movement apart, addressing wear issues, reassembling and testing might be in the region of $400 or much more. If the clock has been serviced in the last year or two and the seller can provide receipts you can be assured that it will run reliably for a number of years. If the movement has been replaced recently with a brand new one (and that is not a bad thing) you can also expect years of reliable service.

For an unserviced clock of this vintage I would definitely haggle but even if serviced I would still haggle.

JB replied

I really appreciate your advice on the clock I mentioned in the email. Not knowing anything about something so tedious can be concerning especially when it is an item you’ve wanted to purchase. I did past the information on to the seller so she knows what she has because she too knows nothing about the clock only that it belonged to her late husband.

Your advice is greatly appreciated!

April 4, 2023

The Timeless Beauty of Antique Clocks: A Reminder to Slow Down and Savour Life

In a world dominated by digital devices, there is something nostalgic and comforting about antique clocks. These timepieces, often crafted with intricate designs and meticulous attention to detail, remind us of a simpler time when life moved at a slower pace and technology was not as prevalent in our daily lives.

Antique clocks, with their hands moving around a circular dial, have been around for centuries. The earliest examples date back to the 14th century, and their design has evolved over time to become the classic timepieces we know and love today.

Unlike digital clocks, which often display time in a stark and utilitarian manner, analog clocks have a timeless elegance that can complement any decor.

_{The dignity and style of} _{a miniature Vienna Regulator}

In our fast-paced, digital world, it’s easy to forget the value of simplicity. Antique clocks remind us of a time when we weren’t constantly bombarded by notifications and distractions. They harken back to an era when time was marked not by milliseconds and seconds but by the steady, measured tick of a clock’s hands. This simplicity can be a welcome respite from the complexity of modern life today.

There’s also something inherently human about antique clocks. They remind us that time is a physical thing, something we can see and touch. Unlike digital clocks, which can feel cold and sterile, analog clocks have a tactile quality that connects us to the world around us. They remind us that time is not an abstract concept but a fundamental aspect of our existence.

_{A common 20th-century mantel clock by Seth Thomas}

Antique clocks also offer a sense of continuity with the past. Many of these timepieces have been passed down through generations of families or have been treasured possessions for centuries. They remind us that we are part of a long line of people who have marked time in the same way, and that we are part of a larger history that stretches back to the earliest days of human civilization.

_{A classic time only timepiece or banjo clock from the 1840s}

Perhaps most importantly, antique clocks remind us to slow down and appreciate the beauty in everyday life. In our rush to get things done and be productive, we can sometimes forget to stop and savor the moment. Antique and vintage clocks, with their steady rhythm and timeless design, encourage us to take a breath and appreciate the world around us. They remind us that life is not just about achieving goals and ticking items off a to-do list, but about experiencing the beauty and wonder of the world.

_{An attractive} _{30-hour shelf clock by E. Ingraham}

While digital clocks may dominate our modern world, antique clocks offer a reminder of the simplicity, elegance, and humanity of our past.

These timepieces connect us to a history that stretches back centuries and reminds us that time is a physical and tangible thing that is best appreciated when we slow down and savor each moment.

As we continue to navigate the complexities of modern life, we can take comfort in the timeless elegance of antique clocks, and the reminder to appreciate the beauty and simplicity of everyday life.

March 31, 2023

Tick Talk Tuesday #45 – what is my clock worth

Tick-Talk Tuesday is dedicated to addressing readers’ letters and comments related to clock issues, challenges, and recommendations for specific clocks. In cases where the comments and questions are particularly challenging, I seek advice from my fellow clock enthusiasts to provide the most accurate and helpful response.

Given that I am not a clock valuation expert and cannot physically inspect its construction, repair status, and overall condition, any estimate I provide from information provided to me by email regarding the clock’s value would be approximate.

HL writes:

Can you please tell me the value of this clock?

My reply:

It appears to be a French-made clock and looks to be in good shape judging from the photos except for what appears to be a broken chip on the left shoulder of the clock case. Are there any other visible cracks, scratches, or dents on the clock? It is impossible to place a value sight unseen because much is unknown.

For instance, does the clock have its original movement, have parts been replaced over the years, and what repairs if any have been made. Are any unseen parts of the clock missing or broken? In the absence of a professional valuation, it could be worth several hundred dollars if complete and original.

Remarks

I did not hear back from HL. Perhaps I provided them with the answer they were looking for or they were not satisfied with my online appraisal.

While the clock’s aesthetic appeal is undeniable and it could potentially exceed my initial estimate in value, my ability to accurately appraise it is limited by my lack of detailed information regarding its features and history.

March 28, 2023

Antique Clock Buying Guide: Tips and Advice for Finding Your Perfect clock

Rare Ingraham Huron found on a local online for-sale site

Antique clocks come in a wide variety of styles, makers, and materials, and can range in price from a few hundred to tens of thousands of dollars. Whether you’re a collector, a history buff, or simply appreciate the craftsmanship and beauty of antique timepieces, buying an antique clock requires careful consideration and research.

_{A marriage not made in heaven, movement and case do not match and the glass door is missing}

In this article, we’ll provide you with some tips and advice to help you navigate the world of antique clocks and make informed decisions when purchasing your own antique timepiece. From researching different styles to finding a reputable dealer, we’ll cover the key factors you need to consider when buying an antique clock.

Buying an antique clock can be a fascinating experience, but it can also be challenging. Here are some tips to help you find and buy an antique clock:

Research

Before you start looking for an antique clock, “do your research”. Learn about different styles, makers, and materials used in antique clocks, so you can make an informed decision. Many reputable sites online will assist you with your research. Knowledge is power as they say.

Budget carefully

Set a budget before you start your search. Prices for antique clocks can vary widely, so it’s important to know what you can afford. Staying within your budget limitations will eliminate buyers’ regret.

Clock face showing moon dial — _{Establish your limit and budget carefully; grandfather clocks like this Ridgeway may look impressive but demand is low}

Condition of the clock

Search out clocks that are in good working order, or at least repairable if you’re willing to put in the time and money. Inspect the clock carefully for damage, missing parts, or signs of wear and tear. Any clock that has missing pieces and the pieces are a challenge to source may be difficult or impossible to repair and restore to its original working condition and at the end of the day may not be worth the investment.

Authenticity

Verify the authenticity of the clock by checking its maker’s marks or other identifying features. If possible, get a certificate of authenticity from a reputable dealer or appraiser. Verify that the case and the movement began life together.

Provenance

The clock’s history and provenance can be important factors in its value. Look for clocks with a documented history, or that have been owned by notable individuals or institutions.

_{Older Ingraham mantel clocks are more desirable than later clocks made by the same company}

Reputable dealer

Purchase your antique clock from a reputable dealer or auction house. Look for dealers who specialize in antique clocks, have a good reputation, and offer a guarantee of authenticity. Rely on your own judgment before you finalize the purchase agreement.

Negotiating the price

Don’t be afraid to negotiate the price with the dealer or seller, especially if the clock is in need of repair or restoration. Be respectful and make reasonable offers but be prepared to walk away if the seller is unwilling to negotiate or if the price exceeds your budget. There are many fish in the sea. Remember that there are many antique clocks available on the market, and it’s important to find the right clock at the right price for you.

_{Sometime you get lucky when the seller is unaware of the value of a clock}

Transport and installation

Transporting and installing an antique clock, particularly a tall case or large wall clock can be tricky, so make sure you have a plan in place before you buy. Consider hiring a professional to help with installation and maintenance. Will that 18th-century grandfather clock fit in your car and are you able to set it up once you have it through the door?

Overall, buying an antique clock can be a rewarding experience, but it’s important to do your research, buy from reputable sources, and take the time to properly care for and maintain your new treasure.

March 24, 2023

Why Age Alone Does Not Determine the Value of an Antique Clock

_I receive mail from folks who are often surprised the antique clock they just purchased has less value than they think when provided with an explanation.

Throughout history, people have often equated age with value. It is a common assumption that an object or idea that has been around for a long time must be worth preserving and treasuring. However, just because something is old, it does not necessarily mean that it is valuable. In fact, there are many instances where age can actually detract from the value of an item.

One example of this is technology. As technology advances at an exponential rate, older devices become outdated quickly. A computer that was top of the line ten years ago is now essentially useless in today’s world. Even if it still functions, it would be extremely slow and unable to run current software. Therefore, just because an object is old does not mean it is valuable in terms of technology.

_{A $10 find – Mission-style wall clock by Sessions}

Similarly, some antique clocks may not be worth much at all. While it may be beautifully crafted and well-preserved, and represent thousands that were made it may not be in demand or fit with modern design styles. In some cases, the age of an object can actually detract from its value, as it may have damage, wear, or alterations that cannot be repaired without diminishing its historical significance.

_{A $60 auction win – 1-day ogee clock by the Hamilton Clock Co. (Canada)}

Age alone does not determine the value of an object. While it is important to preserve history and cultural heritage, it is also important to recognize when something is outdated or no longer relevant. When assessing the value of something like a clock, it is important to consider its historical significance, reputed make, provenance, current demand, and whether it is still relevant or useful in today’s world.

What makes an antique clock valuable?

Antique clocks can be valuable for several reasons, including rarity, historical significance, or provenance when associated with a famous person, clocks that represent an important step in the development of timekeeping technology or the history of clockmaking, quality of craftsmanship as in the work of a noted clockmaker as well as clocks in excellent condition that contain their original parts.

The value of an antique clock depends on a combination of these factors, as well as the current market demand for such clocks.

However, just because something is old does not mean it is valuable.

March 21, 2023

More advanced clock repair tools for the budget minded and those of you who can afford the extra cost

_Antique clocks are not only valuable as historical artifacts but also as complex machines that require precise repair and maintenance. To ensure their longevity and functionality, clock repairers need to have access to advanced tools that can help them diagnose and fix various issues. From ultrasonic cleaners to digital calipers, the modern clock repairer has an array of high-tech tools at their disposal that can make the restoration process more efficient and accurate.

In this article, we will explore some of the most advanced tools used in antique clock repair and how they are used to restore these valuable timepieces to their former glory.

Some of these tools may or may not break the bank depending on your financial situation or budget restrictions. Should you be prepared to invest heavily and cost is no object there are a number of options. For those of you who are budget minded, are looking for value, and are handy around wood-making tools, there are options for very little money.

For those specialized tools that will assist you in building and designing your own movements, such as a wheel/pinion cutter, the depthing tool, and advanced testing machines, please look elsewhere, this is not the place for you.

In my last article, I focused on what is needed for more advanced repairs but kept the budget at under 400 USD. This time the outlay grows a little but it can be controlled if you make careful decisions.

Beyond the basics – more advanced tools for clock repair

_{See this article for more advanced tools}

As in life, there are many ways of accomplishing the same task which means a number of options are available:

Purchase new tools
Substitute hand tools for machine tools
Make the tools
Buy on the used market
Improvise

For each category area, there are options for budget-minded and those with unlimited funds.

On a personal note, my first major tool was a spring winder. Next was a bushing machine followed by an ultrasonic cleaner and finally, a metal lathe. The purchases were made over the space of four years and working within a limited budget. Your mileage may vary.

Let’s get started.

Spring winder

Joe Collin’s spring winder for the budget-minded

Olie Baker spring winder

The Olie Baker spring winder is designed for hole or loop end mainsprings. It has a unique tailstock feature that safely stabilizes and secures your mainspring so it will not slip off. It also comes with nine mainspring sleeves.

It is American-made and approximately 280 USD. An extra cost Mainspring Let-down Set or a comparable tool is required to operate the Ollie Baker Winder. The KWN spring winder, which is equally capable, competes with the Olie Baker.

_{You will need a letdown for the Olie Baker spring winder}

Bushing Methods

Drill press

Bushing work can be accomplished on a drill press but a cheaper unit will have poor runout. Runout is the amount of “wobble” that is found in the drill press (the drill bit specifically) when it is rotating. A machine with a poor runout will produce a larger and more imperfect hole than the size of the drill bit used. My inexpensive Canadian Tire drill press has a visible runout and is not acceptable for bushing work. Higher-priced machines have less runout and can operate at very low speeds. A low-speed drill is optimal for bushing work.

Bushing by hand

Hand-reaming with KWM or Bergeon cutters is an art in and of itself. Hand reamers usually come as a set of 5 Reamers, 1 Chamfering Cutter, and a handle. A hand reamer set is an economical method of reaming bushing holes so that brass bushings are pushed into place once the hole is reamed out.

The Bushing machine

The KWM Bushing Tool is used with KWN bushings. Used units, which are a fraction of the cost, can only use KWN’s own bushings however, a new design makes it now possible to use all the original KWM brass brushings but also all brass and bronze bushings by Bergeon.

The Bergeon bushing machine is the second option. The Bergeon Bushing machine Includes 2 plate clamps, 10 reamers, 3 pushers, 4 drilled stakes, 1 undrilled stake, 1 centering tool, 1 chamfering cutter, 1 centering stake, and instructions and is made in Switzerland.

As far as bushing machines are concerned one is no better than the other. Each has its advantages and disadvantages. There is a legion of fans on either side.

Cutting and smoothing broaches

Cheap cutters and smoothing broaches will certainly work but it is worth spending a little money on better-quality tools.

_{Junghans front plate count wheel bushing}

Regardless of whether you subscribe to Bergeon or KWN bushings a set of bushings of various sizes is essential.

Drilling a hole with Bergeon bushing machine — _{Drilling a hole using a cutter on a Bergeon bushing machine}

Polishing pivots

Taig metal lathe

For repairing broken pivots a metal lather is essential. For polishing pivots, a lathe is very useful but not essential. The Taig metal lathe is a popular choice for hobbyists and professionals alike due to its accuracy, rigidity, and durability. With a range of attachments and accessories available, the Taig lathe is capable of tackling a variety of machining tasks with ease.

Portable drill

During the early days of clock repair, I used a portable drill to polish pivots. It is relatively cheap as one usually has a portable drill around the house. Combined with emery boards it is an effective polisher.

Clock Reference Books, how-to guides, and manuals

The essential clock repair library according to Antiquevintageclock.com

_{Go here for all the books I recommend}

It is becoming increasingly challenging to find good hard-cover clock repair books. Check out my article above for my choices for clock repair resources.

Cleaning choices

Ultrasonic cleaner

Using an ultrasonic cleaner is a highly effective way to clean small clock parts and components without causing damage or introducing harmful chemicals. The high-frequency sound waves generated by the cleaner can dislodge dirt, grime, and other contaminants from even the most hard-to-reach areas.

There are a wide variety of ultrasonic cleaners. A Chinese-made cleaner will work well (and is cost-effective) but for reliability and longevity, it is best to spend a little extra money on a quality machine.

_{Ultrasonic cleaner by L&R and Poly-Chem Deox 007 is a very effective combination}

Of course, if you prefer not to go the ultrasonic route, hand cleaning is perfectly acceptable. You will not have the shiny brand-new look that an ultrasonic cleaner will give you but in most cases the movement is hidden and aesthetics are not absolutely required.

Important extras

Comfortable chair

Using a comfortable chair for antique clock repair can help reduce fatigue and improve concentration during the restoration process. A well-designed chair can provide proper support and comfort for extended periods of work, which can be particularly beneficial for complex and time-consuming repair projects. Do not underestimate the value of a comfortable chair.

Leather gloves

Mainsprings, when they break or let go can leave ugly cuts and bruises. A good pair of leather gloves will be your best friend.

Work area

Using a dedicated work area for clock repair is essential for creating a safe, organized, and efficient workspace. Having a designated area for repair work can help prevent accidents, minimize distractions, and ensure that all tools and materials are within easy reach. It can also help maintain the integrity of the clock being worked on by minimizing the risk of damage or contamination.

I am sure I left out a few things but these are the essentials and again if your budget permits, better-quality tools will make all the difference.

In conclusion, the world of antique clock repair has come a long way in recent years with the development of advanced tools and technologies. These tools have made it possible for repairers to restore valuable timepieces with greater precision, efficiency, and accuracy.

While traditional repair methods and techniques will always have their place, the use of advanced tools has enabled repairers to tackle even the most challenging restoration projects with confidence. The use of advanced tools and techniques can help preserve these historical treasures for generations to come.

March 17, 2023

Restoring an Antique Sessions Schoolhouse Clock: Repairing Bushing Wear and Overcoming Common Issues

Bushing wear is a common issue that can occur on antique brass clock movements. A bushing is a small hole drilled into the plate that is used to support the pivots and reduce friction between the pivots and the clock’s plates. Over time, the bushings can become worn down or damaged due to friction, which can cause a clock to malfunction or stop. Other factors such as the environment the clock is in, the lack of periodic lubrication, and the build-up of dirt and grime combine to exacerbate wear over the years.

When bushing wear occurs, the clock’s pivots may become loose or wobbly, which can lead to the gears not meshing properly or becoming stuck. This can result in the clock losing accuracy or stopping altogether.

To repair bushing wear on an antique brass clock movement, the bushings or the holes must be drilled out and a new bushing inserted in its place. The new bushings must be precisely fitted to ensure that the clock’s pivots are properly supported and that the clock runs smoothly.

On my bench is a Sessions time-only schoolhouse clock made in the early 1920s. According to the label on the back, it is called the Office.

_{At only 21 inches high it is diminutive in size, unfortunately, the hands are incorrect}

Factors at play when a clock stops

The clock stops when fully wound. There are essentially two factors at play when a clock stops. When the mainspring is fully compressed dirt and grime act like sandpaper and prevent the power of the mainspring from releasing. Some erroneously call this “overwinding” a term that has stubbornly persisted over the years. Worn bushing holes add to the problem when the holes are so worn the gears do not mesh correctly.

_{Curious, why is the trademark stamped on the INSIDE of the back plate?}

Sessions movements are not new to me and I have worked on identical movements in the past. Compared to the others I have worked on, this one has minimal wear with one peculiarity detailed below.

_{Even before servicing, it looks clean}

There is no doubt this movement has been worked on previously judging from pivot scratch marks around the bushing holes and a replacement click spring. The leader and suspension spring have also been replaced at some point in the clock’s life and judging from the condition of the suspension spring, it may need to be replaced in this servicing.

While there is some movement in all the bushing holes the worst is the 3rd wheel rear plate and the escape wheel front and rear plate. The holes in those three locations were drilled out and new bushings were installed in their place.

Despite slight wear on all other bushing holes, there is not enough to warrant new bushings at this time. Naturally, if I were in the clock repair business I would consider bushing the entire movement.

_{Using support to steady the escape wheel bridge}

In this case, replacing bushings in the entire movement is not necessary as the clock will remain in my collection and as such will be inspected every 2-3 years for wear.

One of the unique features of clocks such as this is their ability to be hung and forgotten and continue to run quite well while very worn, a testament to their rugged design.

_{Plates on the left and gears on the right, a pretty simple movement}

And now the eccentric repair. The click spring retaining tab/hook was snapped off for whatever reason. As a result, the replacement click spring winds its way through to the outside of the wheel by hooking into a hole drilled in the spoke. It is a little odd but as it works well there is no requirement for remediation. Aesthetics aside, some repairs do not need to be reversed if the part functions well.

The mainspring has plenty of “spring” left in it which makes me wonder if it is a replacement.

During servicing the mainspring was unhooked from the main wheel arbour and using my Olie Baker spring winder, it was extended and thoroughly scrubbed with a Scotch-Brite heavy-duty scouring pad, and lubricated with Keystone clock spring oil. There was certainly enough dirt and grime to stop the clock in the spring’s fully wound position and a good cleaning solved the problem.

After a brief testing period, the movement was remounted and it is now on display on my kitchen wall where it rejoins its cousins.

As the tiny hands look rather silly, the correct clock hands will be added to my next clock supply order.

March 14, 2023

Let’s end Daylight Savings Time

When Daylight Saving Time (DST) begins, we lose an hour. When it ends, we gain an hour. There are several reasons why some people advocate for ending daylight saving time (DST):

Disruption of sleep patterns:

Changing the clocks forward or backward by an hour can disrupt people’s sleep patterns, leading to fatigue and other health problems.

Safety concerns:

Studies have shown that there is an increase in traffic accidents and workplace injuries in the days following the time change. This is because people are more tired and less alert than usual.

Economic costs:

There are costs associated with changing clocks in devices and systems, such as transportation schedules and software. Additionally, there may be decreased productivity due to the disruption of sleep patterns.

Limited energy savings:

While DST was originally implemented as a way to save energy, studies have shown that the energy savings are minimal and may not be worth the disruption to people’s lives.

International coordination:

Not all countries observe DST, and those that do often have different start and end dates. This can cause confusion and difficulties in coordinating international travel, commerce, and communication.

Overall, ending DST could provide benefits for public health, safety, and economic efficiency.

In Canada?

Some provinces in Canada have been waiting to ditch the seasonal change but have cited a consistency with the US as a reason for the delay. The time change consistency is vital so as to align trading between the two countries. US bills have repeatedly failed to pass but once all the US states enact their own changes the federal go-ahead is the next step.

Yukon and most of Saskatchewan keep their clocks the same year-round. Yukon made the switch for the last time in March 2020, and standard time is now permanent.

DST is a relic of our past. Let’s just put it out of its misery.

March 11, 2023

A diminutive schoolhouse clock by Sessions

The Sessions Clock Company of America was one of the leading clock manufacturers in the United States in the early 20th century. Founded in 1903 by William E. Sessions and Aaron Lufkin Dennison in Forestville, Connecticut, the company quickly gained a reputation for producing clocks that were both reliable and affordable.

Over the years, the Sessions Clock Company produced a wide range of clocks, including mantle clocks, and wall clocks, and became known for their innovative designs.

A very popular model was the schoolhouse clock. Schoolhouse wall clocks have a rich history dating back to the late 19th century. Originally used in schools, and other public places, these clocks were designed to be reasonably accurate and reliable timekeepers, with large, easy-to-read dials and distinctive wooden cases with glass-paneled lower access doors showing a moving pendulum.

_{A comparatively small schoolhouse showing incorrect hands}

Over time, schoolhouse clocks became popular in homes and offices, with various manufacturers producing their own versions of the classic design. Today, schoolhouse wall clocks remain a popular choice for those seeking a traditional timepiece and are often seen as a symbol of American craftsmanship and design.

Diminutive clocks were popular in their day because of the lower cost compared to a larger wall clock. This clock is 21 inches high by 13 1/2 inches wide with a 7-inch dial and it is difficult to envision how it could be seen clearly in a large classroom setting but for some school regions, the cost was an important factor. Standard schoolhouse clocks are typically seven to eight inches longer and have 12-inch dials.

Most schoolhouse clocks were designed to display only the time, with no additional features such as a striking mechanism or date displays. This simplicity allowed for a greater focus on reliability, which was essential in public spaces such as schools where good timekeeping and long periods between servicing were crucial.

_{Shown in the middle with a Waterbury on the right and Sessions on the left, all are time-only clocks}

I have had this particular Sessions clock for over a year and it stops from time to time. It likely requires a good cleaning and it is time to put it on the workbench. The case is in excellent condition and I see no need for intervention aside from cleaning with soap and water.

We’ll see what we shall find. I’ll report back in a week or two but this should be a standard servicing job and I am not expecting any surprises.

March 7, 2023

Vienna Regulator – the pinnacle of clock artistry

Vienna regulator weight-driven wall clocks are a type of mechanical clock that originated in Austria in the mid-19th century. These clocks are named after the city of Vienna, where they were first produced and gained popularity throughout Europe. They are known for their unique design, which features a long, slender case with a glass door that allows the pendulum and weights to be seen.

_{Miniature one-weight Vienna wall clock, circa 1880}

Vienna regulators are often considered the pinnacle of European clockmaking artistry, and they continue to be cherished by collectors and clock enthusiasts around the world for their precision, elegance, and timeless beauty.

The simple lines of the Vienna Regulator are exemplified in this unmarked mini version found on a local online for-sale site some 5 years ago. Simplicity is exemplified in its job of performing one function – telling the time.

Weight-driven clocks with comparatively large pendulum bobs give a very visual display of the clock’s activity. In my view, it is the weight-driven ones that have greater appeal than spring-driven clocks.

Nothing has been done to the clock save disassembling and cleaning the movement and polishing the pendulum and brass-encased weight.

Another is a two-weight Vienna Regulator by Gustav Becker which required extensive repair and restoration.

_{Gustav Becker 2-weight Vienna Regulator}

Vienna regulator weight-driven clocks are a testament to the precision and artistry of clock-making, showcasing the intricate mechanisms and stunning designs that make them highly sought after by collectors and enthusiasts alike.

What is truly fascinating is the accuracy of a clock that is almost 150 years old.

March 3, 2023

Sessions Grand Assortment – finally completed!

I am not a huge fan of gingerbread clocks which were very popular in America at the turn of the 20th century. Every major manufacturer made them and they sold like hotcakes. Thousands have survived and a quick perusal of online auction sites any day of the week will reveal dozens if not hundreds of them.

The Sessions Clock Company of America was a prominent clock manufacturer in the early 20th century, producing a wide range of clocks that included mantle, wall, and grandfather clocks. Founded in 1903 in Connecticut, the company quickly gained popularity for its combination of both traditional and modern styles. Although the company ceased production in the 1950s, Sessions clocks remain popular among collectors and clock enthusiasts. Sessions gingerbread clocks were particularly popular.

The gingerbread designs were created by using high-pressure rotary presses on oak wood that had been pre-steamed to soften it.

The Grand Assortment 8-day time and strike gingerbread clock from around 1915 was a big seller for Sessions and the model was found in many American homes of the day.

And so, we have my Sessions clock won at auction in early 2022. This clock has had a hard life of neglect.

This clock took many months to complete. I was not quite certain what to do with the case so I worked on the movement initially. I have serviced a fair number of Sessions movements over the years so servicing was fairly routine with the exception of one small issue mentioned below.

Rather than leave the case as-is I knew I knew that invasive intervention was the only option.

The case was completely stripped, not something I wanted to do but it was in such poor condition. For example, note the bottom right base section shown below.

After much rubbing, scrubbing, using a commercial nontoxic stripper, and the application of 2 coats of traditional shellac the results were better than expected.

_{The clock is complete, the slight darkness on the right is my shadow}

I can usually resurrect a dial but this one had too much foxing as they say in the clock world. Foxing is the gradual process of rust oxidizing through the paper dial over a long period.

Rather than source a new paper dial I decided to go with a dial from an Ingraham gingerbread parts clock and since the diameter, the center arbor and winding holes are standard it was an easy fit.

Anyone familiar with the Grand Assortment line would note that they were fitted with Roman Numerals rather than Arabic dials but I don’t think the buyer of a clock like this would see it as an issue.

Here is the clock from a slightly different angle.

The Movement

I began with new bushings on the escape wheel rear plate and third and fourth wheels on the time side and finally the second wheel back plate for a total of 4 bushings on the time side.

There was negligible wear on the strike side.

As I noted in a previous article the center cannon is quite stiff and I was never able to eliminate the stiffness completely but the clock runs well.

Final thoughts

Stripping an antique clock case should always be considered a last resort. While it may be necessary to remove old, damaged, or unsightly finishes in some cases, stripping can irreversibly damage the wood and compromise the value of the clock. It’s important to exhaust all other options, such as repairing and restoring the existing finish before resorting to stripping.

If stripping is the only viable option, it’s crucial to approach the process carefully and with the utmost care to avoid further damage to the clock case.

And so there you have it. A case that was completely stripped, a new top coat, a newish dial added, and a movement that required minor servicing and now the clock is ready to be sold at some point in the spring after a few weeks of testing.

February 28, 2023

William McLachlan – Scottish clockmaker – what ChatGPT taught me

Confronted with the prospect of finding little else about William McLachlan I was curious about how ChatGPT might help.

Read on and you will find the results quite interesting.

_{Scottish tall case clock assembled and sold by William McLachlan of Newton Stewart} _{in or around 1848}

First of all, what is ChatGPT?

ChatGPT is a sophisticated computer program that is designed to understand natural language input from users and generate appropriate (my underline) responses. It uses a form of artificial intelligence called a deep neural network to analyze the input it receives and generate text that mimics human language. The program has been trained on a vast amount of data, including books, articles, and websites, so it can provide information on a wide range of topics. ChatGPT is an advanced technology that aims to provide human-like interactions in a digital space.

Regarding William McLachlan, here is what AI came back with:

“William McLachlan was a well-known Scottish clockmaker who lived and worked in Newton Stewart in the 1800s. He was born in 1803 and began his career as an apprentice to John Smith, a clockmaker in the nearby town of Wigtown.

In 1826, McLachlan moved to Newton Stewart, where he opened his own clockmaking shop. He quickly gained a reputation for producing high-quality clocks, and his business grew steadily over the years. McLachlan was known for his precision and attention to detail, and his clocks were particularly prized for their accuracy and reliability.

In addition to making clocks, McLachlan also produced barometers, thermometers, and other scientific instruments. He was particularly interested in developing new designs and technologies, and he was constantly experimenting with new materials and techniques.

McLachlan was a respected member of the Newton Stewart community, and he was involved in many local organizations and charities. He was also an active member of the local Masonic Lodge, and he served as its Master in 1861.

William McLachlan passed away in 1872 at the age of 69, but his legacy lived on through his work. His clocks and other instruments are highly prized by collectors and are considered some of the finest examples of Scottish clockmaking from the 19th century.”

_{Early morning light on the clock face}

I decided to ask the question in a slightly different way and this is what I found:

“William Maclachlan, a clockmaker from Newton Stewart, Scotland, was born in 1803. Here is some information that I was able to find about his life:

William Maclachlan was born in 1803 in Newton Stewart, a small town in the historical county of Wigtownshire in southwestern Scotland. He was the son of James Maclachlan and his wife Agnes. In 1823, William Maclachlan married Janet Hannah, and the couple had at least six children.

William Maclachlan worked as a clockmaker, and he is known to have produced a variety of clocks and timepieces during his career. Some of his clocks are still in existence today, and they are highly prized by collectors. For example, in 2017, a William Maclachlan longcase clock was sold at auction for over £20,000.

Maclachlan was also involved in local politics and community affairs. He served as a councilor on the Newton Stewart town council in the mid-19th century, and he was also involved in the establishment of the local savings bank. He was known for his philanthropy, and he supported various charitable causes throughout his life.

William Maclachlan died on March 6, 1876, at the age of 73. He is buried in Penninghame Kirkyard in Newton Stewart. His legacy as a skilled clockmaker and community leader lives on, and his clocks continue to be admired and sought after by collectors today.”

Back to the database search

In any event, armed with the “information” generated by AI I went back to a Scottish website called Scotlands People, a government-operated site to input new data.

As for information on deaths, I found a William McLachlan age 68 who died in 1871 in Rhu, Scotland which is 105 miles from Newton Stewart. For marriages I found nothing. However, records begin in 1855 which means he might have married earlier. Regarding the 1871 census, I found a William McLachlan who was age 67 in Renfrew County where Newton Stewart is located. On the whole, not definitive and really nothing to support the AI-generated data.

Is information from ChatGPT to be trusted?

Generating intelligible responses simply results in responses being “appropriate”. Note the spelling of McLachlan (Maclachlan) in the second query despite inputting the name correctly. Varying the words in each new query yields a different result because ChatGPT gathers information from a number of sources and constructs facts in an intelligible dialog based on the question asked.

In my view, ChatGPT can be a dangerous tool. It looks very impressive though sadly some people will not question the information generated. A plague of misinformation and propaganda will flow from AI, no doubt, and whether we like it or not robot reporters in the news media are already a thing. Therefore, generative AI can be transformative and yet potentially destructive.

For the researcher, AI might provide a starting point but it is too easy to go down the rabbit hole. I see some value in ChatGPT as a blog writer if I am searching for a generic opening paragraph or explaining how something works. For instance, I asked ChatGPT “How does a clock escapement work?” and the response, to me, is pretty impressive. Having said that, I am now aware of its limitations, so, a little caution is necessary going forward.

And since I have no way of verifying the AI information that leaves me at square one.

Scottish tall case clock – who was Wm. McLachlan of Newton Stewart?

For now, I am standing by the information in a previous post which you can access above.

Oh, the answer to “how does a clock escapement work?’.

“A clock escapement is a mechanism that converts the rotational motion of a clock’s gear train into a series of evenly spaced ticks that move the clock’s hands. The escapement consists of an escape wheel and a pallet fork.

Here is how the escapement works:

The power source, such as a weight or spring, applies force to the escape wheel, causing it to rotate.
The pallet fork, which is connected to the clock’s pendulum or balance wheel, engages with the escape wheel and stops it from rotating.
As the pendulum or balance wheel continues to swing back and forth, it moves the pallet fork, which then releases the escape wheel.
The escape wheel rotates a small amount before being stopped by the pallet fork again, and the cycle repeats.
Each time the escape wheel rotates, it moves the clock’s gear train forward by one tooth, which in turn moves the clock’s hands.

The ticking sound of a clock comes from the sound of the escape wheel teeth clicking against the pallet fork as the escapement mechanism advances the gear train one tooth at a time. The swinging motion of the pendulum or balance wheel helps regulate the rate at which the escapement mechanism ticks, keeping the clock running at a consistent pace.”

And there you have it.

February 24, 2023

Jerome & Co. Rose Cottage clock – dial work completed

I was very close to trashing this little Jerome & Co. time-only cottage clock but decided to give myself a real challenge and bring the clock back to something presentable. So far the project is progressing reasonably well.

The door trim has been completed, and the movement has been serviced. Serviced in the spring of 2022 the movement runs perfectly.

This post details the results of in-painting the dial and some work completed on the lower tablet.

My first attempt at replicating the colour and tone of the dial produced passable results as the below photo shows. Since I had to build layers of paint I was not concerned that it was slightly off as each layer came closer to matching the rest of the dial.

As the paint dried I tackled some of the numbers using a Pitt fine-tipped artists pen, a straight-edge and a compass.

I had better luck with the next batch of paint combining white with small amounts of red, brown, black and yellow, mixing and comparing as I went.

The number eleven is admittedly a little shaky because I was unable to smooth out the base paint in that particular spot. The number eleven was pretty much a crap shoot anyway as it was totally obliterated before I began.

The chapter ring and minute markers came out as well as could be expected.

_{in-painting and enhancement of the numerals}

Close examination will certainly reveal that dial work has been done but once the dial is mounted in the case it takes a good eye to see the difference plus I have successfully preserved the overall patina.

The black sections of the lower tablet were reverse painted and there is a significant difference. I am not sure how to address the red, green, and gold tablet design which is in very poor condition. I may leave it as-is if I am unable to complete the fine detail work.

_{Dial, trim, and touchups on the lower tablet}

So far so good! Next is the veneer work which should present an interesting challenge.

February 21, 2023

Scottish tall case clock – who was Wm. McLachlan of Newton Stewart?

Since winning this tall-case clock at auction in the spring of 2020 I have been intrigued about its origin. The information provided at the time was that it was made in Scotland or England in or around the mid-1800s but it could not have been made after 1852 as I will explain later.

Its features suggest the mid-1800s although there is nothing on the clock that tells me anything about the exact year it was made.

It is a classic Scottish design from the era. It is fairly nondescript and lacks the fine craftsmanship of other tall-case clocks of the period but it has attractive lines.

It has an English rack and snail bell strike movement. The removable bonnet is 23 inches at its widest point, the waist is 15 3/4 inches wide and the base is 20 inches wide. The bonnet has tapered columns on either side. The dial access door which covers the entire bonnet swings to the right. The solid wood access door on the waist measures 9 X 24. The weights are 10 and 11 pounds as one would expect.

To appreciate the size of the clock at almost 90 inches, it just about reaches our 8-foot ceiling.

On the dial is the name Wm McLachlan, and the town, Newton Stewart. William (Wm) McLachlan is a clockmaker. In his book, Clockmakers & Watchmakers of Scotland 1453 to 1900 David Whyte lists McLachlan, William, clock & watchmaker in Newton-Stewart, Wigtownshire as a business advertised for sale on 25 May 1852, with no reason why it was offered for sale and nothing more about his life.

Newton-Stewart is a former town in the historic county of Wigtownshire in Dumfries and Galloway, southwest Scotland.

Perhaps rather than a clockmaker per se, McLachlan was an assembler/retailer and sourced cases, dials, and movements for his customers according to their wishes. Rather than build a clock from the ground up in his own shop, it was more cost-effective, even in the mid-1800s, to locate parts from various sources.

For example, the dial, hands, and movement were made in Birmingham, England and the case was very likely locally made by a joiner or wood craftsman. It is also quite possible that the painted dial originated in Birmingham as Birmingham was well-known at the time for its dial painters.

The clockmaker then assembled the parts, completed the final finishing, added finials, lock and knobs, weights, and pendulum, fine-tuned the movement, and placed his name and the location of the town on the dial.

What does the shepherd and sheep theme on the dial mean? The clock was presumably made for a well-to-do Scottish sheep farmer. I can only imagine the magnificent striking sound of this clock in a farmers’ home during the 1850s or so and the stories it could tell.

_{The tombstone of William McLachlan, (appears to be a more modern one erected by family?)}

More about McLachlan

William McLachlan was born in 1799 in Penninghame, Wigtownshire, Scotland, and presumably operated a clockmaking business or clock shop in Newton Stewart in his thirties and forties, and finally while in his early fifties sold his business in 1852.

I had assumed that he either retired in the Newton Stewart area or passed away prior to the sale date but I have recently discovered that he emigrated to the USA prior to 1861. His tombstone is located in Jersey City, New Jersey, USA. He was 77 when he passed away on December 8th, 1876 and his wife Mary Crichton died in 1891 at age 84.

McLachlan’s wife was 7 years younger so let us assume they married when he was in his late twenties and she in her late teens or early twenties. Could he have been operating a business at that time? Did they have children? If so, why was the business not carried on by a son? And why the newer tombstone? Family, sons, daughters?

According to Scottish birth records McLachlan was living in Penninghame, Scotland in 1841. A William McLachlan from the same area is listed in the 1851 census but at 57 years old (an error perhaps?) and I cannot find a William McLachlan (who would have been 62) in the 1861 Scottish census. Did he and his wife leave for the USA sometime during the 10-year period between 1851 and 1861?

Whether he carried on clockmaking in the USA after his arrival is a mystery. If he did, there may be American sources I can explore further.

Many tall case clocks came over the ocean from Scotland and England but how this particular clock made its way to Canada is also a mystery.

Free records databases have their limitations and I am not willing to pay for a subscription for what might lead to a dead end but I will continue to do a little more digging and we’ll see what I can unearth.

February 17, 2023

Best clock acquisition of 2022

Well, it’s that time of the year. What is my best clock acquisition of the past year? You can decide for yourself and leave a comment but I will reveal my favorite at the end of the post.

As a clock hobbyist, I have had little difficulty locating interesting clocks and every year I have managed to find a winner or two. 2022 was no exception.

In the early days of collecting, time and strike vintage mantel clocks were my principal focus with the goal of taking them apart and making them work, an important part of my learning. Many of those clocks have been either sold or gifted. I have shifted my focus toward collecting interesting clocks, rare clocks, clocks that have a special provenance, and growing my collection of Canadian-made clocks.

My wife is my best clock finder. Our discussions may go something like this; “did you see that wall clock on Facebook/xxx auction house?”. “Let me see. Yeah, it looks good, what do you think? Make an offer?” and off we go. Sometimes I will accept the offer from the seller without negotiating because it is a fair price but there are times when a little wheeling and dealing takes place prior to the sale.

In no particular order, here are my finds for 2022.

Fusee gallery clock

The clock is also called a dial clock in England which is where it was made. There are no markings anywhere on the clock save an obscure trademark that I have been unable to identify. It is a time-only fusee clock with a 12-inch dial, a very common size. It might have had a chain drive at the beginning of its life but it now has a cable. I have not serviced this clock because I don’t know enough about fusee movements, particularly the method of preloading the powerful mainspring.

E N Welch marine clock

This 30-hour spring wound clock with a hairspring lever escapement simply tells the time. It was made in the 1870s and perhaps earlier. It has been serviced, bushed, and cleaned, but my challenge at the moment is setting up the hairspping. It will work but not well.

Hamilton clock co ogee

_{Hamilton time and strike ogee clock, Canadian made}

Acquired in the spring of 2022 this ogee clock was made in Hamilton, Ontario (Canada). The movement was serviced but the case challenged my veneering skills. It looks quite presentable now but was in poor condition when I bought it.

Jerome and Co. Rose Cottage clock

Quite honestly I was going to throw the case out after having serviced the movement. It simply looks too far gone. However, I have accepted the challenge of bringing back this clock to its former glory. So far it is a work in progress.

Jauch calendar clock

From a distance, this clock looks good but a closer examination reveals a cheaply made time-only movement and an equally inexpensive pine case. It is clear that this German company was attempting to cash in on the antique American schoolhouse clock that was popular in the 1970s.

Wag on the wall

This has a well-made German movement, possibly by Mauthe or Hermle. It is a time-and-strike weight-driven clock and keeps very good time. Its only negative is that it has a cheap 1960s look about it but the only thing missing is a bottom middle finial.

Sessions Grand Assortment

Perhaps the ugliest gingerbread clock ever made. The photo is the exact clock I worked on two years ago since the clock is apart at the moment and I have stripped down the case (a last resort).

Sessions Mission clock

I like this clock not only because it is a 10$ thrift store find but it has very nicely styled mission clock and it works very well, keeping decent time for a spring-driven clock.

Empire gallery clock

_{English gallery clock} _{with 10-inch dial}

I was hoping this was a fusee clock when I bid on it on an online auction in the spring of 2022 but it is a spring-driven 8-day clock with a fairly robust movement that was intended for commercial use, a store, an office environment perhaps.

Daniel Pratt Jr woodworks clock

I have a couple of Danel Pratt woodworks clock. Unfortunately, this one is missing its topper. Servicing woodworks movements takes special care and attention and I may tackle this clock in the spring.

Ansonia 30-hour parlour clock

I seem to gravitate toward 30-hour clocks. This is a time-and-strike clock and is in decent condition requiring only a few touchups.

My favorite?

Well, it has to be the time-only fusee which is probably why I subconsciously placed it first on the list. It well built industrial-strength clock that was designed to last for years. It looks great on any wall, is very quiet, and quite accurate which is what fusee movements are known for.

February 14, 2023

Clocks with luminous dials – the danger within

I received an email from a blog fan this week who posed an interesting question. She was concerned that a number of clocks offered for sale at a local antique store had radium dials. I assured her that I know of no maker of mantel, shelf, or long case clocks that used radium on their dials but had there been alarm clocks, wristwatches, and even antique compasses on display her concerns would have been justified.

Westclox LaSalle alarm clock — _{Westclox LaSalle non-luminous alarm clock}

As a matter of fact, it reminded me of the number of times I have been in antique and junk stores and have seen clocks with luminous dials and the danger I might have faced during a brief exposure, say within a meter or so and the more serious danger of being irradiated had I purchased and serviced them.

As a clock collector, I have a limited number of alarm clocks none of which have luminous dials. I understand the potential danger of radium and that is why I confine my collecting to alarm clocks with non-luminous dials only.

Even a clock that has lost its luminescence may still have traces of radium on its dial or particulate matter that has fallen from the clock face which makes them equally as dangerous.

_{Antique “alarm” clock mechanism from around 1900}

Since radium has a half-life of hundreds of years even old radium dials are very hazardous. If working on a clock with a radium dial care should be taken to prevent the inhalation or ingestion of flakes or dust which may contain radioactive materials. My advice is to not work on them at all.

In the past several years radium dials have largely been replaced by phosphorescent – or occasionally tritium-based light sources. Therefore clocks produced after the 1970s had safer luminous material applied to the dials but modern alarm clocks are not nearly as attractive as antique clocks from the 1920s or so.

Clocks with luminous radium dials are certainly a danger to avoid and as far as I am concerned, not worth the risk.

February 10, 2023

Jerome cottage clock – progress so far

It is always challenging to find time to work on projects when life is busy. I picked up some part-time work this winter, teaching at a community college so between that my clock hobby teaching has taken precedence, for now.

Since the post on extreme restoration a week or so ago, I have continued planning the work to be done and have actually managed to address two issues, the second one only partially.

For my first thoughts on this Jerome Rose Cottage 30-hour clock, see the post below. I am sure you will agree that this is a candidate for extreme measures.

Jerome Rose Cottage clock – a candidate for extreme restoration?

_{Posted Jan 31, 2023}

The case has been cleaned of dirt and grime and I have removed some of the ragged pieces of veneer on the right side. The plan is to cover the exposed sections with new veneer but since the trim is curved I will have to work out some way to apply the veneer to the curved surface and clamp using some sort of curved block. I considered an old section of ogee molding but no, not the right shape.

The movement had been serviced in the spring of 2022 and is running perfectly.

_{One solid wheel on this tiny movement}

Painting the door trim

In my collection of acrylic paints, I found antique gold which I believe is very close to the original trim framing the front access door.

Dark chocolate brown paint was used to cover the area between the glass and the gold trim and since it was a flat texture I applied a coat of shellac to give it a satin sheen.

The design of the small glass tablet will be a challenge to duplicate and I continue my search online for a cottage clock with the same design that I can pattern off, otherwise, I will have to improvise.

Addressing the dial

The dial has been thoroughly cleaned but some of the dirt is embedded in the dial surface which is not an issue since I would like to retain some of the patina.

I haven’t quite found the exact paint match at this point, but I am not too concerned as building up layers is the first step in in-painting. With some experimentation I should arrive very close to what I am looking for. The real fun will be in-painting the Roman numerals and chapter ring.

Next steps

Next will be the veneer work but as mentioned clamping the veneer will be a minor challenge. I am sure I will find a way. The veneer looks like Rosewood and I have a small quantity on hand.

After the veneer work is completed the tablet will be addressed and that will unfortunately involve cutting or peeling the label on the inside, though I will preserve it as best I can.

Finally when all is done a coat or two of traditional shellac should make this clock very presentable.

This small clock has certainly been to hell and back but I do know one thing; whatever I do will be a vast improvement.

Look for more posts to come on this nice little cottage clock.

February 7, 2023

Periodicals from 15-20 years ago donated by a blog fan – what to do with them

A blog fan contacted me recently and asked me if I wanted literally hundreds of old clock periodicals and bulletins. I thought about it and knew that some of the periodicals would have some value to me as a clock repairer and restorer. And I was not wrong!

The story is that the donor did not collect the magazine, periodicals, journals, etc. They were given to him by a 92-year gentleman who was in assisted living and could not keep materials he had collected over a number of years. He had also given clock and watch repair equipment in addition to the reading material. Apparently, the old man had no one to give it to as his family had no interest in the material, passed it on to my blog fan and rather than throw it out asked me if I could have the reading material. So, I drove to his place and literally carried several boxes to my car.

What to do. I cannot keep all of it. The plan is to methodically go through each issue, page by page marking articles of interest and putting them aside to keep. And I kept about 15%.

In addition to Clocks Magazine, hundreds of copies of British Horological Institute publications as well as dozens of NAWCC monthly bulletins. The BHI publications focus heavily on watches and have numerous technical articles that are well beyond my pay grade, neither of which interest me.

_{Clocks magazine from the 2000s, Post-it notes indicate an article or articles of interest}

In the meantime, I am searching for how-to articles and ones of historical interest that I will put aside for future reference.

I might keep a few of the NAWCC bulletins for handy reference though I have full access to all the bulletins through my NAWCC membership.

I appreciate the gift but sadly, I will have to dispose of the majority of the stuff.

In all, I will keep some of it and the rest will either be recycled or donated. If anyone is interested please let me know.

February 3, 2023

Jerome Rose Cottage clock – a candidate for extreme restoration?

What to do with this cute Jerome & Co. CA 1870 cottage clock?

Jerome & Co Rose cottage clock – the case is a mess but the movement is interesting

_{Published May 2022}

I worked on the movement in the spring of 2022 and even at that point I was not sure what to do with the clock case. The tiny movement intrigued me and I wanted to have it running but the case – what a total disaster.

Chauncey Jerome was a prolific clockmaker and a true pioneer of the early American clock. Despite his success in clock manufacturing from the late 1830s to the early 1850s, a number of poor business decisions led to bankruptcy in 1856, and the assets of the bankrupt Jerome Manufacturing Co. were purchased by the New Haven Clock Co.

_{The copper wire soldered to the movement is actually a homemade bushing}

While Jerome was involved in numerous clock-making activities after his bankruptcy and marketed clocks under his name and label, Jerome & Co. is not one of those. “Jerome & Co.” was a tradename used by the New Haven clock company to cash in on the Jerome name. Chauncey Jerome never oversaw the production of this particular clock. Still, in some eyes, the fact that it is a “Jerome clock” means something.

These clocks were only a dollar or two in their day and nobody expected them to last forever. Given that it was likely made in the 1870s it has certainly had a long life.

The movement was cleaned and the worst holes including the copper wire thingy contraption were bushed.

_{Black dots indicate new bushings, note the solid wheel in the back of the movement}

One look at it would tell anyone that the clock has been through many hands and the case is well worn. In fact, some would consider it one step away from being binned. But I am looking for a challenge and I think this is it.

There are veneer losses on the right side of the case, the bottom corners, and the top left. Most of the “gilt” around the front access door has worn off. There is a large age split on the top-right and the reverse-painted lower tablet has significant losses. It looks very depressing.

Despite numerous issues with the case, the movement is likely original, the hands probably original, and the dial as well though the pendulum bob is a replacement.

There are significant losses on the dial and it will take a bit of work to put it right. The case issues are not unexpected given the age of the clock but it has obviously not had a lot of care over the years

Given the present condition of the clock case, I am curious to see what I can do. One thing I know for certain is that any work on the case will be an improvement. We’ll see what I can come up with.

January 31, 2023

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Spring winder

Bushing Methods

Polishing pivots

Clock Reference Books, how-to guides, and manuals

Cleaning choices

Important extras

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Antique and Vintage Mechanical Clocks